The first tidbit of this series defined the  saakinah and tanween and introduced the four different possible rules for these letters:

1. (making clear)

2. (merging)

3. (changing)

4. (hiding). 

The second tidbit described the first rule pertaining to the  saakinah and tanween, that of the , or making it clear.  We now move on to the second of the four possible rules, that of , or merging of the  saakinah and tanween into the next following letter.

The  is defined linguistically as merging or inserting.

Its applied tajweed definition is: The meeting of a non-voweled letter with a voweled letter, so that the two letters become one emphasized letter of the second [letter] kind.

In the idghaam of saakinah and tanween, the  is a saakin (non-voweled) letter on the end of a word, and the first letter of the next word is one of the letters that cause the  to merge or insert into it.  The letters that cause this  or merging are all the letters in the group: .  This means if a  saakinah or tanween are at the end of a word, and the letter  or , or  or  or , or  is the first letter of the next word, the  then merges into this next letter. 

There are two subdivision of the :

1.      which is a complete merging, also known as  which is merging without any ghunnah (nasalization). 

2.       which is an incomplete merging, also known as , or idghaam with a ghunnah (nasalization). .

The  or complete merging of the  saakinah or tanween into the first letter of the next word, is done when the  saakinah or tanween are at the end of a word and are followed by a or a  as the first letter of the next word.  As stated, this is also known as , or idghaam without a ghunnah, since the  completely merges in to the  or  and there is no left over ghunnah from the .  When there is this type of , the  is not pronounced whatsoever, instead the reciter proceeds from the letter before the  or the vowel that is with the tanween, directly to the first letter of the next word which will have a shaddah (the little ) on it because of the  (merging). 

Examples of this are:

Click here to listen to this aayah

In this aayah, there is a tanween dhammah on the letter (this first  has nothing to do with the rule for the tanween here), followed by a  as the first letter of the next word.  The reciter should go directly from the dhammah on the  which is the last letter on the first word to the  that is the first letter of the next word.  The idghaam or merging of the  saakinah of the tanween is complete into the  which becomes emphasized (doubled) as a result of this merging.  This doubling of the  is represented by the shaddah mark, or little  over the letter.

The same process takes place whether the  saakinah is actually a written  such as the next following example, or an unwritten  in the case of the tanween. 

The next tidbit lesson will, insha' Allah, continue with the idghaam lesson.