The
Two Alike, the Two Similar, the Two Close, and
the Two Far
(Part
5)
The
Two Approximates to Each Other
Its Definition: It
is two letters which are close in articulation point
and/or in characteristics , or close in
There is a difference of opinion in the meaning of
in
the two letters involved, the most important opinions are:
1.
That there is no separation between the articulation parts of the two
letters. Instead, they should use the same articulating part (i.e. the
tongue); or if they use two different articulation parts, there is no
separation between the two parts (as in the tip of the tongue and the lips).
2.
The approximation of the two letters is a relative approximation,
whether they use the same articulation part or not.
This opinion is used most when the two letters have closeness in
characteristics, but not articulation points.
An
example of the two letters being close in articulation point and in
characteristics is the
and
in
the words
These two letters have
their articulation points are quite close to each other (they both use the tip of the tongue in their articulation point).
They are close in characteristics, as they share all of the same
characteristics, except the characteristic of
which is exclusive to the
.
Another
example is of the
and
in the word
.
The two letters have different but close articulation points (both use the top
of the tip of the tongue). The
and
are
share all characteristics except that the
has
and the
has
.
Two
letters close in articulation points but different in characteristics are
and
, demonstrated in the
words
.
Their closeness in articulation points is obvious, their differences in
characteristics are that the
has
and
while
has
,
and
.
has
three divisions, as the other groups of relationships do, they are:
1.
2.
3.
The Two Small Close to
each other
This
is when the first of
letters is saakin, and the second of the two letters has a
vowel.
There is not an absolute
rule, instead there are special letters that have
when they are
and
have the “small” relationship, and the rest of
with a small relationship have
.
letters that follow in this lesson, and will continue in the next
have
when the first on is saakin and the second voweled (
) .
1.
The
saakinah into
:
This
occurs whether the
is
in a verb or participle.
Examples:
An
exception to the
rule the way we read (
)
occurs when there is a
(or breathless pause)
between the
and
the
in
aayah 14 of surah Al-Mutaffifeen: :
2.
The idghaam of the laam shamsiyyah letters.
This occurs when the
definite article
merges into 13 of the 14 letters of the laam shamsiyyah group. All
of these letters have a “close” relationship with the letter
,
and are the two letters are
.
Examples:
Exception:
The letter
is the fourteenth letter of
the laam shamsiyyah group, but is not considered “close” with the
of
the definite article, instead the two
are
,
because they are the same exact letter: as in
Next
lesson, insha’ Allah, we will continue with
and
complete explaining which letters merge into the other when they have
relationship and discuss the rule for the two close to each
other that have
and
relationship.
