Question

Assalamualaikum, 

In this site, I couldn't find explanations about mad tamkin, idgham mutajaanisain, and idgham mutaqaaribain. Could you pls add explanations on these rules,

jazakumullahu khairan katheera.

Answer

Wa alaikum assalaam wa rahmatu Allahi wa barakatuh,

The idghaam al-mutajaanisayn and al-idghaam al-mutaqaaribayn have been explained recently in the tidbit lessons.  Please click here, to see the lessons; you will find lessons 3, 4, 5, and 6 in this link cover both these subjects.  . 

Medd tamkeen is a modern term for something that is nothing more than a natural medd or .  The old scholars of tajweed do not mention a special category for it and you will not find a special mention of these in the old books on tajweed.  Let us examine what the modern tajweed books say about medd tamkeen.  One category of what some call medd tamkeen is when there are two of the letter  next to each other in one word; the first with a shaddah and a kasrah, the second with a sukoon.  The examples given then are:   and  ,  with the second  not written (please see the question dated 5 Safar about two of the same letter written next to each other), and   , to name a few.  If we look further, we see the first of the two letter  has a kasrah, and the second has a sukoon.  The definition for a natural medd  letter is: a  saakinah preceded by a kasrah.  This is exactly what we have here in these words.  The lengthening for a natural medd is two vowel counts, the lengthening here is two vowel counts, and there is therefore, no need for a special category.  The only difference here between these words and other words that have a natural medd of the letter , is that there is an accent ( ) when we pronounce the first  in the words:   and   , because it (the letter ) has a shaddah and is preceded by a kasrah. 

A second category given in modern books on tajweed of medd tamkeen is when there are two of the letter  or two of the letter , the first of each being lengthened the second being voweled, such as in:     and     .  Again, there is a natural lengthening of either the  or  followed by a voweled letter of the same type.  There is no special lengthening here, but as indicated it is a natural medd.  We just need to be careful to pronounce the second voweled letter of the same kind from its articulation point, and not from the empty space in the mouth and throat that is used for the medd letter. 

If a student studies the definition and application of the natural medd and never studies the medd that some modern tajweed books call medd tamkeen, they will still read these words correctly.  This shows there is no need for a special category to describe them, since they are just a natural medd. 

Wa iyyaakum wa-l-muslimeen.